Fountain-pen



sheets-sheet 1.

(No Model.)`

L. A. SHAYTTUCK.

FOUNTAIN PEN.

A Patented Dec.

Tn: Nonms' Penses co., mow-uma, wAsmNa'raN. v. c.

(No Model.)

' 2 sheets-'sheet 2. L. A. SHATTUCK. Y

FOUNTAIN PEN.

No. 443,628. Patented Def. so, 1890.

@errno Frames .Farnjiar ertoe).

FOUNTAIN=PEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 443,628, dated December30, 1890.

Application tiled September 26, 1889. Serial No. 325,170. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, t may concern:

Be it known that l, Lnnonnsr A. SHATTUCK, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Bloomsburg, in the county of Columbia and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inFountain- Pens; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

My invention relates to a fountain-pen which is organized with anannular ink-Weir or suspensionpassage open to the air in the forward endof the nozzle, wherein ink is allowed to acciii'nulate,and by meanschieliy of adhesive attraction this inicclioked passage furnishessupport for the main column ofink in the reservoir; and 'it consists,first, in an improved combination wherein a longitudinally-adjustableink an d air governing device in the form of an ink attraction orsuspension rod is adjusted within the case or holder, with its anteriorreduced portion suspended intermediate of the walls of the air-exposedpassage of the nozzle, forming forward of the heel of the pen an annularsuspension-passage or inlL-weir and having its forward end projectingloosely through the air-exposed end of said passage, forming an annularairegress passage, said combination .furnishing a novel means forsupporting the main column of ink within the fount, and also preventingthe precipitation of ink, as is liable to occur in peus having an openair-vent without the presence of this governing device; second, in animproved ink-conduit whereby by means of an eccentrically-disposedinkpassage through it a deeper space maybe obtained for the adjustmentof the feed bar and for an air-space or repulsion-chamber above the penand feed-bar at the front of the nozzie; third, in the combination ofsaid cond uit with said governing device frictionally adjusted therein,so as to subdivide the inkpassage at the upper end of the nozzle,whereby a circulatory system is established, which obviates thenecessity and expense of extending the feed-bar into the reservior, and,furthermore, by the forward free end of the governor nearly closing theopen end of the conduit beneaththe pen an increased amount ofadhesive-attraction surface is furnished, whereby I secure a more evenink-sustaining force and admit only sufiicient air for perfect automaticaction; fourth,in an improved nozzle whereby greater ease in unscrcwingit from the reservoir is obtained, a finger-stop secured for preventingthe fingers sliding forward onto the pen, and means provided for achamber above the feed-bar lip; iifth, in an improvement to thereservoir, wherebyT a filling-conductor is provided; sixth, in animproved pen-cap, whereby greater ease in re' moving the same from thecase is secured, as well other advantages hereinafter more fully setforth; seventh, in au improved arrangement of ink-passages, whereby Isecure a circulatory system by means of two or more distinct passagescommunicating rearwardly with the feed-supply at the rear of the nozzle,but all converging forward into one common annular passage or chamberimmediately in rear of the heel of the pen, which furnishes a safeguardagainst the backward pressure of air, forcing the ink out of feedingpower to the pen, and, eighth, in other novel features, as will appearin the specification.

Referring to the drawings, Figure lisa central vertical longitudinalsect-ion of my inventionin one form of its embodiment. Fig. 2 is anotherway of applying the principle employed in Fig. l. Fig. 3 is another wayof employing the same principle in the construction of the nozzle. Figs.4 and 5 are transverse sections taken respectively,at the lines o v and1U wot'Fig. 1. Figs. 6and7are similar sections of Fig. 2, taken,respectively, at the lines a; and y y. Figs. 8 and 9 are similarsections of Fig. 3, taken, respectively, at the lines e z and e" e. Fig.D* is a sect-ion similar to Fig. 9, except that the passage in theconduit is concentric instead of eccentric. Fig. 10 is aperspective viewof the ink and air governor in Fig. l, and Fig. l1 is a rear end View ofthe said governor. 12 is a perspective view of the form of governorshown in Fig. 2. Fig, l3 is a perspective view of a governor andiiliing-conductor-formed in one piece, as shown in Fig. Fig. 1e is aperspective View of the ink-conduit. Fig. l5 is a perspective vieW ofthe feed-bar. Fig. 16 is another perspective view of the conduitslightly changed, as in Fig. 2. Fig. 17 is a perspective view of IOO theconduit and feed-bar formed in onepieee, as shown in Fig. Fig. 1S is acentral horizontal longitudinal section of the pen-shielding cap,showing one manner of forming it with index'bar and pencil-holder. Fig.19 is a perspective view of the device shown iu Fig. 1S. Fig. 2O is asimilar section to Fig. 18, showing' the device represented in Figs. TISand l) slightly changed. Fig. 2l is a detail view of theindexeross-barshownin Figs. 1S, 19, and Fig. 22 is a'view of the cap with thepencil-socket end left off and the cross-bar secured by a fixed nutwhich takes its place. Fig. 22" is a cross-section in the thread in theopen end of the rese1.voirsection, as shown. The `forward end of thisnozzle novel in so far that I provide a raised band, abruptre-enforcement, ridge, or molding fr, on its periphery for a finger-stopto prevent the lingers sliding forward upon the feedbar and pen, as theyare liable todo wit-hout some such protection. This linger-guard moldingis preferably formed integral with the nozzle, but may be in the form ofa metal ring adjusted to the nose of the nozzle. AtI the forward end ofthe seat@Al of the eap on the nozzle and separated from groove d8 Iprovide an auxiliary friel'ional line .f In of Fig. 1S, and Fig. 2i is acrossseetion in the liney y of Fig.

I deem the construction of fountain-pens wherein atmospheric pressure isemployed as the chief support of the inkas extremely unreliable, as insuch pens the main column of ink is directly exposed to the atmosphereby having an open and unobstructed passage at the mouth of the nozzlebeneath the pen. The objection to this is the uneven support of unaidedair-pressu re, which frequently permits precipitation of the ink throughthe airpassage when suddenly inverting the pen to write, and when iirstiilled, and when the t'ount is nearly empty. There is also greatliability to bleeding` from the pen-so much so that such pens cannotbeused with safety upon a set of books.

In my various patents on fountailrpens, numbered fltLOllfl, 40250;, and403,225, I made use of a different principle of ink-support thanthat.nowadopled in this application. I heretofore employed a stopperhaving an independent air-passage, whereby air is introduced into theink-chamber at a point in rear of the heel of the pen. In my presentcase the air may be admitted through the ink-passage at its air-exposedend, and by the aid of a combined ink and air governing device in theform ol' an ink attraction or suspension rod passed threilgh the mainink-passage of the nozzle and suspended within and inter mediate of thewalls thereof to a point forward of or flush with its open mouth Ichange the main support of the ink from air-pressure, so called, toadhesive attraction, as will be more fully deseribed.

Referring to the drawings, A is the reservoir-section ol' the ease orholder, of ordinary molding u. to Vinsure greater hold for the tingerswhen unserewingthenozzle. \Vilhin the nose of the nozzle I preferablyform a right angle shoulder by a counterbore at l), Figs. 3 and 8, to anextent nearly corresponding to the thickness of the re-enforeemcnt a, inorder to secure a deeper repulsion-ehamber d? above the pen and the'feed-bar in the nose of the nozzle, which enables me to make use ofcapillary repulsion in holding the ink back and keeping the front end ofthe nozzle clean. The bore of the nozzle in rear of the conduit may beof the saine diameter as that. of the conduit, or be made smaller, ifdesired.

',lhe conduit l5 (shown in Figs. l, 2, 3, l-i, 1(5,and 17) is incylindrical forni and designed to iit closely within the forward end ofthe nozzle. It has normally one common passage through it, which isdivided at its `front end, when the pen U" is in place,into the passageso if?, that if? being for the egress of `ink and that o for the passageof an arljustable governing-rod, the suspension of ink, and the egressof air. The passage, which is thus divided forward of the heel of thepmi, is pref erably eceentrieally disposed on the lower side of the axisof the fountain-pen proper,so as to enable me to adjust the pen moreproperly in line with the central axis of the holder and to give me adeeper airspace at u? between the feed-bar lip at its rearendand wall ofthe nozzle at its front end, and thus preventing iuk worl-:iug up uponthe upper lip of the nozzle. Aeross the forward end of the conduit abovethe passage h I eut a transverse pen seat or slot r, conforming to theshape of the pen and deep enough to form a proper support for the penwhen forming a feed-bar integral with the conduit, as showneonstructiml, except that it has a filling-con` duetor in the form of aslender rod A', secured in theelosed end and centrallyarranged withinthe iuk-ehamber- This rod is not essential to the working of the pen,except when employed as a direct support to the governor hereinafterdescribed; but it is found useful when filling the reservoir, as the inkwill adhere to and travel down this rod, and the spattering of ink fromthe backward flow of the air is thereby prevented.

B is the nozzle-section of the case, having at its rear end aserew-tln'eaded portion adapted to register with a corresptmding inFigs. i and i7; or the pen may be seated as in the manner shown in Figs.l, 2, Il, and 1li when forming the feed-barseparable. The upper lip d inFigs. l and Hf are cut down quite thin,leavingashoulder ),against whichthe feed-bar abuis.

(l is the feed-bar. It has a thick base eurvilinear in form and adaptedto it the space above the lip d and abut against theshoulder e. At apoint even with the under lip tl' I cut the feed-bar down, forming ashoulder c point or lip expen to near its and leaving a thin taperingtending along back of the point. The shoulder e, being' adjusted in- IOOIlO

ward beyond the shoulder b, leaves an angular chamber a2 above thefeed-barlip between its rear end and upper wall of the nozzle, by whichmeans capillary repulsion will keep any accumulation of ink at thispoint from working over the point of the nozzle. It is found in practicethat an angular air-chamber at. the mouth of the nozzle holds anyaccidental accumulation of ink at this point back better than ifconstructed bell-shaped, as in some known constructions. The under orpen surface of this bar is provided with a suitable ink-channellongitudinally out to a point immediatelyiu the rear of the slit in thepen; but from this point to its terminus it is made to rest tlat on thepen-nib, so as to hold the ink. This feedebar groove or channel formswith the pen an inelosed continuation of the conduit, so that ink mayreadily gravitate to the nibs of the pen. I consider this an advantageover a continuous groove or a continuous iiat surface, as the ink,beingimprisoned immediately in the rear of the pens nibs, will not workthrough the pen-slit to the bottom of the pen in quantities suftcient todrop. This method of confining a quantity of ink so near the nibsinsures prompt response to a heavy or light downward stroke with thepen.

D is the combined ink and air governor, At its upper end it may be madeangular and of sufficient size to 'tit snugly within the upper end ofthe main ink-passage and is held in position by the angular pointsinipinging against the walls of the passage in such inanner as to dividesaid ink-passage at or near the rear end of the nozzle into two or moredistinct passages, as e3, for ink and air, said passages, however,converging into one annular chamber, as b3, near the heel of the pen, byreason ot' the governor being lnade from this point forward to conformin crosssection to but of less diameter than the ink and air passage,through which it passes. From its shoulders or frictionalretainingpoints c2 forward to its point it is made slightly taperinglongitudinally and preferably round or elliptical in cross-section, sothat where it passes through thc air-exposed end of the ink-sustainingpassage b beneath the pen, which l term an ink-wcir,7 it will besuspended loosely therein and separated from the walls of said passageby a thin an nular space around it., which space, as the air is forcedout, will be lilled with a thin film of ink when the pen isinverted towrite, and by reason of theattraction existing between the ink and thewalls of the passage b and the surfaces of the governor suspendedtherein at this point is sufficient to sustain the downward pressure ofthe main column of ink, and thereby prevent sudden precipitation of theink through the air-ex posed passage, as would be liable to occurwithout this governor D. Furthermore, as the air can only enter in verysmall bubbles to compensate for the expenditure of ink in writing, nobleeding can take place in the pen-point, there being sufficientattraction between the ink and the pen and feed-bar to support what inkpasses over the peu. The lower end of the governor is preferably made toproject slightly beyond the air-exposed end of the passage in which itis adjusted, or at least be f ully tiush with it, as by thisconstruction l secure a greater de gree of capillary repulsion as an aidto adhesive attraction in overcoming gravity, and thereby moresuccessfully carry out the prina ciple of my invention; but while havingregard to this special construction and arrangement provision is madefor adjusting the governor longitudinally, so as to give a greater orless feeding power by increasing or decreasing the ink-passage and bycontrolling the air-entrance to adapt the pen to the difterentgrades ofink used and styles of penman- Ship.

ln Figs. l, 5, l0, and ll l have shown the governor having four groovedsides at its upper end, which when the governor is adjusted in thenozzle serve with the nozzle to form four small triangular longitudinalpassages for ink and air to pass through, these pas sages convergingforward into one common passage or chamber lf; at or near the heel ofthe pen. It is not essential to have more than two distinct passages c3,and consequently but two sides, top and bottom, of the governor might begrooved, and the top side in such case is preferably grooved as farforward as the heel of the pen in order to furnish a contin nouscommunication with the passage b2 to and over the pen. I sometimesextend this top groove clear to the forward point of the governor, andthereby furnish an increased retaining-surface for ink, and,furthermore, radial grooves n'iight be cut in the lower end of thegovernor.

In Figs. 2, 7, and l2 l have shown the governor attached to ashortcylindrical tube or button D', having four grooves, and thiscylindriealtuhe by impingement against the walls of the nozzle holds thegovernorin place. The governor might be formed like a flat watchkeywithout any grooves, as its broad portion would iinpinge against theside walls of the ink-passage, leaving a passage above and below tocreate a circulation.

ln Fig. 3 l have shown the governorD and the filling-conductor Aconstructed in one piece, as A, held by a grooved button D2, having itsfrictional hold at the Lipper endof the in k-chamber in the reservoirand grooved on its periphery for the iiow of inkback and forth throughit, and thereby provide for longitudinal adjustment; or the device A2might be secured in the same manner as the fillingconductor shown inFig. lis secured. In this case Iform an additional passage through therear end of the nozzle to create a circulation bygrooving either thetubel) or the rear end ot' the conduit at some suitable point on theirouter periphery, said groove extending forward to a point at or near theheel of the pen IOO IIO

and there cominu'nicating with the main passage of the conduit, asshown. \Vhen forming the filling-conductor A and governor in one piece,having its frictioual hold within the reservoir and its tree endprojecting beneath the pen, I make the passage through the tubeDslightlylarger than the governor end ot the rod in order to provide for the easyremoval of the tube along with the nozzle, as shown in Fig. Si. It isevident that the governor may be formed integral with the tube D', inform similar to the conduit and feedbar shown in Fig. Si, and grooved onits periphery. In this case the conductor need not extend so far forwardas in Fig. 3.

It is immaterial how the governor is coustructed in detail so long as itis longitudi nally adjustable and its t'ree end adjusted intermediate ofthe wallsI of the ink-passage forming an annular ink-weir, as b, forwardot' the heel of the pen. I lind it much better to have two or moredistinct passages, as c c3, in the manner I have described, in the rearend ot the nozzle, and said passages to converge t'orward into one mainpassage or chamber hi, as thereby I establish a circula tion, whichobviatcs thc necessity tor and expense ot an inl -conducting extensioninto the fecd-sul'iply. It also furnishes a safeguard against the airwhich has entered through the ink-passage forcing the ink too farback,as said air will readily escape to the reservoir through onepassage, while the inl; passes down through another.

It will be seen that my feed-bar C does not extend to or into theiced-supply, (see liigs. l, 2, and 3,) as I do not require capillaryattraction to draw the inl; down. For greater convenience l sometimesform the feed-bar integral with the upper lip of the conduit, as shownat C in Figs, $5, S, and I7. In many fountain-pens the ink is conveyedto the pen partly by capillary attraction; but in my herein-dcscriliicddevice direct passage to the nibs ot' the pen is provided, and the inkis precipitated to the pen-point by gravity and prevented from droppingat the t'ront ot' the nozzle mainly by that cohesive power existingbetween solids and liquids known as adhesive attract-ion."

In Figs. IR, lil, 2U, and 2il have shown the pen-cap lil formed with alongitudinal air groove in in the inner periphery, and in Fig. 22; twosuch grooves are shown, said groove or grooves extending' from the openend of the cap a suitable distance inward, so that almost immediately onstarting to remove the cap IC from the nozzle air shall be able to en1er the cap, and thereby prevent the suction of ink from the nozzlewhile the cap is being removed. lhis groove also less/ens the diiticultyof removingthe cap from the upper end ot the reservoir hy admitting airas soon as itl is started, and thereby destroying the vacuum andenabling it to be withdrawiii with ease. On the closed end et' this capa flatsided extension terminated in a round screw-threaded end G', isprovided, and on this extension a iiat cross-bar II, having a'rectangular hole through it, is slipped and confined by means oi a nutl'i, said nut bcing either solid, as shown in Fig. 22, or formed with acylindrical soclteted portion H2, adapted to serve as a lead-pencilholder, as shown in Iiigs. IS, 19, 20, and 23.

The cross-bar II serves as an index and guard, and, being ot greaterlength than the diameter of the cap, forms Finger projections whereby topull the cap from oft the nozzle or upper end oi' the reservoir, saidprojection also prevent-ing the pen from rolling when rest-ing on adesk, and also serving as an index for insuring the placing ofthe pen.right side up in the pocket.

The erossbar l-l might be made integral with the nut, as shown in Fig.20, in which case the screw-Fastening stem G2 ot the combined cross-barand pencil-holder will enter into the threaded socket. in the closed endportion of the cap, as shown in said ligure.

It is a great convenience to have a pencilholder attached to the cap ot'a fountain-pen, as both pen and pencil are united in a single writingimplement. In order to avoid wealtening the nozzle end oi' the pen-capby eut ting the air-vent groove in, I use a material slightly thickerthan that usually employed, or if two or more grooves are made use ol",as in Fig. 23, they may be made so shallow as not to interfere with thestrength ol the cap. I sometimes re-entoree the cap, as at a, Fig. 22,from its open end as far back as the grooves are cut, and thisre-enforced portion I preferably form octagonal, as more plainly shownin Fig. 2i.

'lhe operation ot' the pen is exceedingly simple. lThen inverted forwriting, the ink in the reservoir is precipitated forward by gravity,its too rapid descent being checked in part by its adhesion to theiilling-conductor within the reservoir and the governor within thenozzle. The ink within the nozzle passes around the governor through thechannels c into the annular chamber h3, and thence over the peu throughthe ink-channel b2 along the pcirsurtace to the point ot' the feed-bar,where further progress is prevented by adhesive attraction. Snliicientinl; also passes'down around the governor to till the in lt-weir or thinannular passage b beneath the pen to furnish by means ot' adhesiveattraction at that point, aided by capillary repulsion at its openmouth, sutlicient support to sustain the main column of ink and preventits precipitation through the air-exposed end of said inl-wcir when airenters to compensate for the expenditure of ink. The governor alsocontrols the ingress ot' air, which in pens constructed on the principleot' ai r-pressnre support for the ink is liable to enter in too largequantities. The importance ot leaving the ink-Weir beneath the pen openby an annular mouth for air-exit should not be overlooked, as by thismeans when inverting the pen to IOO write ink will force the air in thenozzle through the passage readily, thus enabling the ink to reach thepen-point promptly. I iind that when a ready means for air-escape is notprovided ink will either be held out of feeding power to the pen or beforced out around the penl and into the pen-cap and upon the nozzle. Inmy device I overcome all difculties of this character by means of theairexposed end of the ink-Weir; but the primary object of leaving thepassage b open is to provide for the forward and backward movementthrough it of the tapering point of the governor, and as the month ofsaid passage is of less diameter than the main ink-passage the externalmouth of the ink-Weir may be closed and the flow of ink decreasedwhenever a slow-feeding pen is desired. In my patents on fountain-pens,numbered 390,039 and 402,864, I regulated the flow of ink to the extentof producing two pensin one by means of an independent air-vent and bythe feedbars made adjustable for a double or single feed; but in mypresent device I regulate the supply of ink by a governing-rod formedindependent of the feed-bar, by which arrangement I produce a writingimplement which does the work of several pens with a single feed-bar andwithout a special air-vent. As my ink and air governor, whether havingits frictional hold within the nozzle or reservoir, is applicable tounder-feed pens as well as to those having a bar passed through thewriting-pen,'I do not confine my application of said governor to thespecial arrangement ot' feed-bar herein shown. Furthermore, as myimproved nozzle having two or more distinct passages at its rear end allconverging into one passage immediately in rear of the heel of the pen,whereby a circulatory system is established, is applicable to otherconstructions of pens, Ido not wish to confine myself to the specialconstruction herein described. As my principle of a governor passedthrough the ink-passage is applicable to pens organized with anair-exposed passage above the pen instead of beneath, I do not confineits application tothe special arrangement shown. It is also evident thatmy governing device when formed separable from t-he reservoirconducting-rod may be extended rearward, so as to project from the rearend of the nozzle if found desirable to so construct it, providing itsforward end is kept flush with or projecting through the front end ofthe conduit.

I contemplate applying my ink-suspension rod or governor as auattachment to fountainpens constructed with an open and unprotectedpassage in the nozzle end, as it effectually overcomes one of the worstobjections to such pens.

In my pen my governor is not a feed-bar, but in effect alongitudinally-ad j ustable valve independent of the pen-seat or pen, italways providing an annular passage between itself and the pen and wallsof the ink-passage, and, not being a feed-bar, the pen worksindependently of it, whereas in known constructions the pen will notfeed withoutihe aid of a rod or stick or other analogous deviceoperating in conjunction with it. My pen does not work by manual forceupon an elastic nozzle, but feeds by gravity, and the governor isemployed to suspend the ink and prevent its discharge from an opennozzle. My governor also controls the flow of ink by regulating theadmission of air, while in other constructions p no such purpose isfulfilled.

In my pen the tapering annular passage b suspends the ink and graduatesthe feed, longitudinal adjustment being provided for, and thus my penoperates on a different plan from the pens heretofore devised.

l. A fountain-pen comprising in its construction a filling-conductor, aconduit B', having an air and ink passage, and a governing device havinggrooves or channels in communication with said air and ink passage,substantially as described.

The combination of afeed-bar, a conduit, as B', having an air and inkpassage, a governor independentl of the feed-bar dividing said passageinto two or more independent passages in rear of the heel of the pen, anozzle, and an ink-reservoir, substantially as described.

3. A fountain-pen comprising in its construction a shouldered feed-barbearing upon the nibs of the pen, a shouldered conduit, and a channeledgovernor device suspended in the ink and air passage of the nozzle,substantially as described.

4. A fountain-pen provided with a channeled feed-bar bearing upon thenibs of the pen, forming an inclosed ink-channel whereby the ink is fedby gravity, and a non-elastic nozzle having two or more distinctpassages at its rear end, said passages converging forward into oneannular passage near the heel of the pen, whereby a circulatory systemis established within said nozzle, substantially as described.

5. In a fountain-pen, in combination, a reservoir, a nozzle, a feed-bar,a writing-pen, and an ink-suspension rod or ink-governor secured withinthe case at its upper end and having its forward end suspendedintermediate of the walls of the passage beneath the pen, so as to forman annular ink-suspension passage or ink-weir open to the air,substantially as described.

6. In a fountain-pen,substantially as herein described, wherein the inkis mainly sustained by adhesive attraction within an annular nk-weiropen to the air, as l1', a feed-bar in contact with the pen.

7. A fountain-pen having a cap provided with an air-groove in rear ofits open end and extending to said open end, substantially as described.

S. A fountain-pen provided with a pencilholding socket H2, substantiallyas described.

9. In a'fountain-pen,substantially asherein IOO IIO

described, wherein the ink is precipitated to the pen-point mainly bygravity, the combination, with a reservoir, a nozzle, a pen, a channeledfeed-bar bearing upon the nibs of the pen, and a passage open to theatmosphere, of an adjustable ink-suspension rod or governor independentof the ink-feeding bar and extending a suitable distance into thel`eed-supplyand having an anterior tapering point suspended intermediateof the walls ot'l the nozzle to form forward ot' the heel of the pen anannular ink-Weir for the suspension of ini: and for regulating the feedby the longitudinaladjustment of said governor, all as set forth. Y

lO. A fountain-pen provided with a nonelastic nozzle, an ordinarysplit-nib writingpen, a feed-bar, and au ink and air governing devicehaving frictional retaining-poi nts, as c2, and channels, as c,substantially as described.

ll. A fountain-pen comprising in its construction a feed-bar, anon-elastic conduit, and a tapered governing device extended through theconduit, or nearly through the same, and held at its rear end byfrictional contact-points, as c2, and having ink-channels c through itsfrictional holding device, and having its forward portion of lessdiameter than the ink-passage ol the conduit, so as to form an annulariuk-weir, as b', substantially as described.

12. A fountain-pen provided with a channeled feed-bar and agoverning-rod independent of said feed-bar secured at its upper endwithin the ink-chamber, with its forward free end loosely projectingthrough the ink-passage ot the nozzle to a point forward of the heeloli' the pen, so as to form an annular adhesion-passage or ink-wei r, as7)', substantially as described.

13. In a iIonntain-pen having aplurality of passages at the rear end ot'the nozzle andan inelosed ink-channel along thepen,the annular passageforward of the heel ot the pen, whereby by means of adhesive attractionbetween the ink and the walls of said passage and the surface of thegoverning-rod suspended intermediate thereot' the main coln mn of theink is sustained and the ingress ot` air controlled, substantially asdescribed.

ll. it fountain-pen comprising in its construction a feed-bar bearingupon the nibs ot' the pen and a governor detach ed from the feed-barand` extending from the ink-supply a suitable distance into the nozzleend ol the caso, said gtwernoi.' by its peculiar construetion l'orniiingwith the said end ol? theease an ink-weil', as o', beneath the pen andopen to the atmosphere, substantially as described.

l5. In a reservoir writing implement comprising in its construction asplit-nib pen, a feed-bar, a non-collapsible nozzle, and aninksuspension rod or governor passed through the air-exposed passage ofthe nozzle, forming forward of the heelot the pen an annular passage andhaving its forward end adapted to increase or decrease said passage b ylongitudinal adjustment, substantially as described.

1G. As an attachment to a fountain-pen provided with a feed-bar andhaving in its nozzle end a passage open tothe atmosi'ihe're, anink-susiiiension rod or governor, as l), independent of the feed-bar,having its forward end adapted to be passed through said open passageand susygiended intermediate of the walls thereot'l to form an annularink-well', as h, substantially as described.

17. A fountain-pen provided with a channeled feed-bar and with a passagein its nozzle end open to the atmosphere for the longitudinal adjustmentof: a govmning-rod suspended therein independent ofi' said feed-bar,said rod being adapted to form a rearwardlyflaring annular ink-Weir, asb,'t`orward ol' the heel ol' the pen, which maybe increased or decreasedto regulate the flow of inl; by longitudinal adjustment, substantiallyas shown and described.

1S. ln a fountain-pen wherein ink is fed by means of a feed-bar bearingupon the nibs ot' a pen as a safeguard against air forcing ink back outet' feeding power to the pen, a nonelastic nozzle having a plurality ofpassages communicating rearward independently with the feed-supply andforward with one common passage near the heel of the pen, said pluralityot' passages being secured by thel combination of the nozzle-case and asuitablyformed piece inserted therein, substantially as described.

lil. A fountain-pen comprising in its construction an inelosedink-channel disposed upon one side ot' the pen, as he, and an annularink-weii-,as b', adjacent to the pen on the opposite side.

20. A fountain-gen comprising in its organization and construction. aneccentricallydisposed ink-passage in its nozzle, and a 'l'eedbarshouldered as at e', substantially as and .t'or the purposes set forth.

El. it fountain-pen comprising in its construction an. adjustableconduit having an ink-passage eccentrically disposed and a feedbarshouldered as at c', substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

A fountain-pen comprising in its organization and construction anangular rcpulsion-chamber, as of?, secured by adjusting the feed-bar shou l d er ff inward beyond a rightangled shoulder, as o, formed in themouth ot' the nozzle, su bstantially as and for the purposes set forth.

225. A fountain-pen provided with a nozzle having an ink-feeding channelon one side of the pen an d a rod disconnected from the feed-bar andhaving its rear portion extending a suitable distance into thefeed-supply and with its forward portion suspended iutermediate of thewalls of said nozzle to form an annular passage or chamber, as Z13,communicating at its forward end with said inict'ecding channel and witha passage open to IOO TIO

2G. A pen-shielding` cap for fountain-pens provided with an indexcross-bar I-I, substantially as and for the purposes described.

27. In a fountain-pen, in combination, the reservoir A, nozzle B,conduit B, feed-bar C, governor D, and pen C2, all constructed tooperate substantially as shown anddescribed.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix .my signature in presence of twoWitnesses.

LAFOREST A. SHATTUCK.

Witnesses:

E. T. FENWIGK, THos. E. Woons.

AdM-

